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All Peer-Reviewed Publications ORCID ID: 0000-0001-7292-8084 
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PublicationsBioelectricityCervera, C., Pai, V. P., Levin, M., and Mafe, S., (2019), From non-excitable single-cell to multicellular bioelectrical states supported by ion channels and gap junction proteins: electrical potentials as distributed controllers, Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, in press Whited, J., and Levin, M., (2019), Bioelectrical controls of morphogenesis: from ancient mechanisms of cell coordination to biomedical opportunities, Current Opinion in Genetics & Development, in press Cervera, J., Manzanares, J. A., Mafe, S., and Levin, M., (2019),
Synchronization of Bioelectric Oscillations in Networks of
Nonexcitable Cells: From Single-Cell to Multicellular States,
Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 123: 3924-3934 Sundelacruz, S., Moody, A. T., Levin, M., and Kaplan, D., (2019), Membrane potential depolarization
alters calcium flux and phosphate signaling during osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells,
Bioelectricity, 1(1): 56-66 Ferenc, N. N., and Levin, M., (2019), Effects of ivermectin exposure on regeneration of
D. dorotocephala planaria: exploiting human-approved ion channel drugs as morphoceuticals,
Macromolecular Bioscience, 19(3): 1800237 Durant, F., Bischof, J., Fields, C., Morokuma, J., LaPalme, J., Hoi, A., and Levin, M., (2019), The role of early bioelectric signals
in the regeneration of planarian anterior/posterior polarity, Biophysical Journal, 116: 948-961 Churchill, C. D. M., Winter, P., Tuszynski, J. A., and Levin, M., (2019), EDEn – Electroceutical Design
Environment: An Ion Channel Database with Small Molecule Modulators, iScience, 11: 42-56 Cairns, D. M., Giordano, J. E., Conte, S., Levin, M., and Kaplan, D. L., (2018),
Ivermectin promotes peripheral nerve regeneration during wound healing,
ACS Omega, 3(10): 12392-12402 Busse, S. M., McMillen, P. T., and Levin, M., (2018),
Cross-limb Communication During Xenopus Hind-limb Regenerative Response: Non-Local Bioelectric Injury Signals,
Development, 145(19). pii: dev164210 Ferreira, G. B. S., Scheutz, M., and Levin, M., (2018),
Modeling Cell Migration in a Simulated Bioelectrical Signaling Network for Anatomical Regeneration,
in T. Ikegami, N. Virgo, O. Witkowski, M. Oka, R. Suzuki and H. Iizuka (Eds.), ALIFE 2018: The 2018 Conference on Artificial Life.
MIT Press: Tokyo, Brodsky, M., and Levin, M., (2018),
From Physics to Pattern: Uncovering Pattern Formation in Tissue Electrophysiology,
in T. Ikegami, N. Virgo, O. Witkowski, M. Oka, R. Suzuki and H. Iizuka (Eds.), ALIFE 2018: The 2018 Conference on Artificial Life.
MIT Press: Tokyo, Cervera, J., Pietak, A., Levin, M., and Mafe, S., (2018), Bioelectrical coupling in multicellular
domains regulated by gap junctions: a conceptual approach, Bioelectrochemistry, 123: 45-61 Pietak, A., and Levin, M., (2018), Bioelectrical control of positional information in
development and regeneration: a review of conceptual and computational advances,
Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, 137: 52-68 Mathews, J., and Levin, M., (2018), The Body Electric 2.0: Recent Advances in Developmental
Bioelectricity for Regenerative and Synthetic Bioengineering,
Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 52: 134-144 Pai, V. P., Pietak, A., Willocq, V., Ye, B., Shi, N-Q., and Levin, M., (2018),
HCN2 Rescues brain defects by enforcing endogenous voltage pre-patterns,
Nature Communications, 9(998): doi:10.1038/s41467-018-03334-5 Levin, M., and Martyniuk, C. J., (2018), The bioelectric code: An ancient computational medium
for dynamic control of growth and form, BioSystems, 164: 76-93 Herrera-Rincon, C., and Levin, M., (2018), Booting up the organism during
development: pre-behavioral functions of the vertebrate brain in guiding body morphogenesis,
Communicative & Integrative Biology, 11(1): e1433440 Pitcairn, E., Harris, H., Epiney, J., Pai, V. P., Lemire, J. M., Ye, B., Shi, N-Q., Levin, M., and McLaughlin K. A., (2017),
Coordinating heart morphogenesis: A novel role for Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotidegated
(HCN) channels during cardiogenesis in Xenopus laevis, Communicative & Integrative Biology, 10:3, e1309488 Pietak, A. M., and Levin, M., (2017), Bioelectric Gene and
Reaction Networks: Computational Modeling of Genetic, Biochemical, and Bioelectrical Dynamics
in Pattern Regulation, J. Royal Society Interface, 14: 20170425 McLaughlin, K. A., Levin, M., (2017), Bioelectric Signaling in Regeneration:
Mechanisms of Ionic Controls of Growth and Form, Developmental Biology, 433: 177–189 Pai, V. P., Willocq, V., Pitcairn, E. J., Lemire, J. M., Pare, J-F., Shi, N-Q., McLaughlin, K. A., and Levin, M., (2017),
HCN4 Ion Channel Function is Required for Early Events that Regulate Anatomical Left-Right Patterning in
a Nodal- and Lefty Asymmetric gene Expression-Independent Manner, Biology Open, 6: 1445-1457 Adams, D. S., Tseng. A-S., and Levin, M., (2017), Using optogenetics in vivo to stimulate regeneration, in K. Appasani (Ed.), Optogenetics: From Neuronal Function to Mapping and Disease Biology, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK, p. 66-76 Dungan, J., Mathews, J., Levin, M., and Koomson, V., (2017), Microfluidic Platform to Study Intercellular Connectivity Through on-Chip Electrical Impedance Measurement, IEEE 60th International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Boston, MA Pare, J-F., Martyniuk, C. J., and Levin, M., (2017),
Bioelectric regulation of innate immune system function in regenerating
and intact Xenopus laevis, npj Regenerative Medicine, 2:15 Durant, F., Morokuma, J., Fields, C., Williams, K., Adams, D. S., and Levin, M., (2017),
Long-Term, Stochastic Editing of Regenerative Anatomy via Targeting Endogenous
Bioelectric Gradients, Biophysical Journal, 112: 2231-2243 Mathews, J., and Levin, M., (2017), Gap Junctional Signaling in Pattern Regulation:
physiological network connectivity instructs growth and form, Developmental Neurobiology, 77(5): 643-673 Levin, M., Pezzulo, G., and Finkelstein, J. M., (2017), Endogenous Bioelectric
Signaling Networks: Exploiting Voltage Gradients for Control of Growth and Form,
Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering, 19:353-87 Thurber, A. E., Nelson, M., Frost C. L., Levin, M., Brackenbury W. J., and Kaplan D. L., (2017),
IK channel activation increases tumor growth and induces differential behavioral
responses in two breast epithelial cell lines, Oncotarget, in press Lobo, D., Lobikin, M., and Levin, M., (2017), Discovering novel phenotypes with automatically
inferred dynamic models: partial melanocyte conversion in Xenopus,
Scientific Reports, 7: 41339 Pezzulo, G., and Levin, M., (2016), Top-down Models in biology: Explanation and control of complex living systems above the molecular level, Journal of the Royal Society Interface, in press Herrera-Rincon, C., Guay, J., and Levin, M., (2016), Bioelectrical coordination
of cell activity toward anatomical target states: an engineering perspective on regeneration,
Chapter 4 in D. Gardiner (Ed.), Regenerative Engineering and Developmental Biology: Principles and Applications,
CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, p. 55-112 Pietak, A., and Levin, M., (2016), Exploring Instructive Physiological Signaling with
the Bioelectric Tissue Simulation Engine (BETSE), Frontiers in
Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 4(55): Sullivan, K. G., Emmons-Bell, M., and Levin, M., (2016), Physiological Inputs Regulate
Species-Specific Anatomy During Embryogenesis And Regeneration,
Communicative and Integrative Biology, 9:4, e1192733 Durant, F., Lobo, D., Hammelman, J., and Levin, M., (2016), Physiological controls of
large-scale patterning in planarian regeneration: a molecular and computational
perspective on growth and form, Regeneration, 3(2): 78-102 Chernet, B. T., Adams, D. S., Lobikin, M., and Levin, M., (2016),
Use of genetically encoded, light-gated ion translocators to control tumorigenesis,
Oncotarget, 7(15): 19575-19588 D. S. Adams, S. G. M. Uzel, J. Akagi, D. Wlodkowic, V. Andreeva, P. C. Yelick, A. Devitt-Lee,
J-F. Pare, and Michael Levin, (2016), Bioelectric signaling via potassium channels: a mechanism
for craniofacial dysmorphogenesis in KCNJ2-associated Andersen-Tawil Syndrome, Journal of Physiology, 12: 3245-3270 Li, C., Levin, M., and Kaplan, D., (2016), Bioelectric modulation of macrophage polarization,
Scientific Reports, 6:21044, doi:10.1038/srep21044 Sundelacruz, S., Levin M., and Kaplan, D. L., (2015),
Comparison of the depolarization response of human mesenchymal
stem cells from different donors, Scientific Reports, 5: 18279 (doi: 10.1038/srep18279) Emmons-Bell, M., Durant, F., Hammelman, J., Bessonov, N., Volpert, V.,
Morokuma, J., Pinet, K., Adams, D. S., Pietak, A., Lobo, D., and Levin, M.,
(2015), Gap junctional blockade stochastically induces different
species-specific head anatomies in genetically wild-type Girardia
dorotocephala flatworms, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 16: 27865–27896 Pezzulo, G., and Levin, M., (2015), Re-membering the body: applications of computational
neuroscience to the top-down control of regeneration of limbs and other complex organs,
Integrative Biology, 7: 1487-1517 Lobikin, M., Lobo, D., Blackiston, D. J., Martyniuk, C. J., Tkachenko, E., and Levin, M., (2015),
Serotonergic regulation of melanocyte conversion: A bioelectrically regulated network
for stochastic all-or-none hyperpigmentation, Science Signaling, 8(397): ra99 Law, R., and Levin, M., (2015), Bioelectric memory: modeling resting potential
bistability in amphibian embryos and mammalian cells,
Theoretical Biology and
Medical Modelling, 12: (1): 22 Pai, V. P., Martyniuk, C. J., Echeverri, K., Sundelacruz, S., Kaplan, D. L.,
and Levin, M., (2015), Genome-wide analysis reveals conserved transcriptional
responses downstream of resting potential change in Xenopus embryos, axolotl
regeneration, and human mesenchymal cell differentiation, Regeneration, 3(1): 3-25 Schatzberg, D., Lawtn, M., Hadyniak S. E., Ross E. J., Carney T., Beane W. S., Levin, M.,
and Bradham, C. A., (2015), H+/K+-ATPase activity is required for biomineralization
in sea urchin embryos, Developmental Biology, 406(2): 259-270 Pai, V. P., Lemire J. M., Chen Y., Lin G., and Levin M., (2015), Local and long-range
endogenous resting potential gradients antagonistically regulate apoptosis and proliferation
in the embryonic CNS, International Journal of Developmental Biology, 59: 327-340 (2015) Lobikin, M., Pare, J-F., Kaplan, D. L., and Levin, M., (2015),
Selective Depolarization Of Transmembrane Potential Alters Muscle
Patterning And Muscle Cell Localization In Embryonic Xenopus Laevis,
International Journal of Developmental Biology, 59: 303-311 (2015) Pai, V., Lemire, J. M., Pare, J-F., Lin, G., Chen, Y., and Levin, M., (2015), Endogenous gradients
of resting potential instructively pattern embryonic neural tissue via Notch signaling
and regulation of proliferation, Journal of Neuroscience, 35(10): 4366-4385 Blackiston, D., Anderson, G. M., Rahman, N., Bieck, C., and
Levin, M., (2015), A novel method for inducing nerve
growth via modulation of host resting potential,
Neurotherapeutics, 12: 170-184 Chernet, B. T., Fields, C., and Levin, M., (2014), Long-range gap junctional signaling
controls oncogene-mediated tumorigenesis in Xenopus laevis embryos, Frontiers in Physiology,
5(519) 1-15, doi: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00519 Levin, M., (2014), Molecular bioelectricity: how endogenous voltage potentials control cell behavior
and instruct pattern regulation in vivo, Molecular Biology of the Cell, 25: 3835-3850 Özkucur, N., Quinn, K. P., Pang, J. C., Du, C., Georgakoudi, I.,
Miller, E., Levin, M., and Kaplan, D. L., (2015), Membrane potential depolarization causes alterations
in neuron arrangement and connectivity in cocultures,
Brain and Behavior, 5(1): 24-38 Adams, D.S., Lemire, J. M., Kramer, R. H., and Levin, M., (2014),
Optogenetics in developmental biology: using light to control ion flux-dependent
signals in Xenopus embryos, International Journal of Developmental Biology, 58: 851-861 Lan J. Y., Williams C., Levin M., and Black L. D. III, (2014),
Depolarization of Cellular Resting Membrane Potential Promotes Neonatal
Cardiomyocyte Proliferation In Vitro, Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering,
7(3): 432-445. doi: 10.1007/s12195-014-0346-7 Mustard, J., and Levin, M., (2014), Bioelectrical mechanisms for programming
growth and form: taming physiological networks for soft body robotics, Soft Robotics, 1(3): 169-191 Chernet, B., and Levin, M., (2014), Transmembrane voltage potential of
somatic cells controls oncogene-mediated tumorigenesis at long-range,
Oncotarget, 5(10): 3287-3306 Hernandez-Diaz S., and Levin, M., (2014), Alteration of bioelectrically-controlled processes
in the embryo: a teratogenic mechanism for anticonvulsants,
Reproductive Toxicology, 47: 111-114 Levin, M., (2014), Endogenous bioelectrical networks
store non-genetic patterning information during development and
regeneration, Journal of Physiology, 592(11): 2295–2305. Pai, V., and Levin, M., (2014), Bioelectric controls of stem cell function,
Chapter 5 in F. Calegari and C. Waskow (Eds.), Stem Cells: From Basic Research to Therapy, Volume 1,
CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, p. 106-145 Lobikin, M., and Levin, M., (2014), Endogenous bioelectric
cues as morphogenetic signals in vivo, Chapter 15 in
D. Fels, M. Cifra, and F. Scholkmann (Eds), Fields of the Cell,
Research Signpost: Kerala, India p. 283-302 Sundelacruz S, Li C, Choi YJ, Levin M, Kaplan DL., (2013), Bioelectric
modulation of wound healing in a 3D in vitro model of tissue-engineered bone,
Biomaterials, 34(28): 6695-705 Sundelacruz S, Levin M, Kaplan DL., (2013), Depolarization Alters
Phenotype, Maintains Plasticity of Predifferentiated Mesenchymal Stem Cells,
Tissue Engineering Part A, 19 (17-18): 1889-908 Chernet, B., and Levin, M., (2013), Endogenous voltage potentials and the microenvironment: bioelectric signals that reveal, induce, and normalize cancer, Journal of Clinical and Experimental Oncology, S1: doi:10.4172/2324-9110.S1-002 Levin, M., (2013), Reprogramming cells and tissue
patterning via bioelectrical pathways: molecular mechanisms
and biomedical opportunities, WIREs Systems Biology and Medicine, 5(6): 657-676 Chernet, B. T., and Levin, M., (2013), Transmembrane voltage
potential is an essential cellular parameter for the detection
and control of tumor development,
Disease Models and Mechanisms, 6: 595-607 Beane, W. S., Morokuma, J., Lemire, J. M., and Levin, M., (2013),
Bioelectric signaling regulates head and organ size during planarian regeneration,
Development, 140:313-322 Tseng, A-S., and Levin, M., (2013), Cracking the
bioelectric code: probing endogenous ionic controls of pattern
formation, Communicative and Integrative Biology,
6(1):1-8 Adams, D. S., Tseng, A-S. and M. Levin, (2013), Light-activation of the Archaerhodopsin
H+ pump reverses age-dependent loss of vertebrate regeneration: sparking system-level
controls in vivo, Biology Open, 2(3): 306-313 Pai, V. P., Vandenberg, L. N,, Blackiston, D. J., and Levin, M.,
(2012), Neurally-derived tissues in Xenopus laevis
embryos exhibit a consistent bioelectrical left-right asymmetry,
Stem Cells International, Vol. 2012, Article ID 353491, 16 pages, doi:10.1155/2012/353491 Lobikin, M., Chernet, B., Lobo, D., and Levin, M., (2012),
Resting potential, oncogene-induced tumorigenesis, and
metastasis: the bioelectric basis of cancer in vivo,
Physical Biology, 9: 065002 Tseng, A-S., and M. Levin, (2012), Transducing bioelectrical signals into
epigenetic pathways during tadpole tail regeneration,
Anatomical Record, 295:1541-1551 Adams, D. S., and Levin, M., (2012), Endogenous Voltage Gradients as
Mediators of Cell-Cell Communication: Strategies for Investigating
Bioelectrical Signals During Pattern Formation, Cell and Tissue
Research, (2013) 352:95-122 [cover] Levin, M., and Stevenson, C., (2012), Regulation of Cell
Behavior and Tissue Patterning by Bioelectrical Signals: challenges and
opportunities for biomedical engineering, Annual Reviews in
Biomedical Engineering, 14: 295-323 Adams, D. S., and M. Levin, (2012), General principles for measuring resting
membrane potential and ion concentration using fluorescent bioelectricity
reporters, CSHL Protocols, doi: 10.1101/pdb.top067710
[cover] Adams, D. S., and M. Levin, (2012), Measuring resting membrane potential
using the fluorescent voltage reporters DiBAC4(3) and CC2-DMPE,
CSHL Protocols, doi: 10.1101/pdb.prot067702 Levin, M., (2012), Molecular bioelectricity in developmental biology: new
tools and recent discoveries, BioEssays, 34(3): 205-217
[cover] Pai, V., Aw, S., Shomrat, T., Lemire, J. M., and Levin, M., (2012),
Transmembrane voltage potential controls embryonic eye patterning in Xenopus
laevis. Development, 139: 313-323 Blackiston, D., Adams, D. S., Lemire, J. M., Lobikin, M., and Levin, M., (2011),
Transmembrane potential of GlyCl-expressing instructor cells induces a
neoplastic-like conversion of melanocytes via a serotonergic pathway.
Disease Models and Mechanisms, 4: 67-85 Beane, W. S., Morokuma, J., Adams, D. S., and Levin, M., (2011), A chemical
genetics approach reveals H,K-ATPase-mediated membrane voltage is required for
planarian head regeneration. Cell Chemistry and Biology, 18: 77-89 Lange, C., Prenninger, S., Knuckles, P., Taylor, V., Levin, M.,
Calegari, F., (2011), The H+ vacuolar ATPase maintains neural
stem cells in the developing mouse cortex. Stem Cells
and Development, 20(5): 1-8 Levin, M. (2011), Endogenous bioelectrical signals in development, regeneration,
and neoplasm, in Topical Talks: The Biomedical & Life Sciences
Collection, Henry Stewart Talks Ltd, London. Levin, M. (2011), Left-Right Asymmetry in Embryonic Development: How epigenetic,
biophysical forces and gene activity interplay to determine a major embryonic
axis, in Topical Talks: The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection,
Henry Stewart Talks Ltd, London. Levin, M., (2011), Endogenous Bioelectric Signals as Morphogenetic Controls of
Development, Regeneration, and Neoplasm, in
The Physiology of
Bioelectricity in Development, Tissue Regeneration, and Cancer, C. Pullar ed.,
CRC Press. Levin, M., (2011), The wisdom of the body: future techniques and approaches to
morphogenetic fields in regenerative medicine, developmental biology, and
cancer. Regenerative Medicine, 6(6): 667-673 Aw, S., Koster, J., Pearson, W., Nicols, C., Shi, N. Q., Carneiro, K., and Levin, M.,
(2010), The ATP-sensitive K+-channel (KATP) controls early left-right
patterning in Xenopus and chick embryos. Developmental Biology, 346:
39-53 Tseng, A-S., Beane, W. S., Lemire, J. M., Masi, A., and M. Levin, (2010),
Induction of vertebrate regeneration by a transient sodium current,
Journal of Neuroscience, 30(39): 13192-13200 Zhang, Y., and M. Levin, (2009), Particle tracking model of electrophoretic
morphogen movement reveals stochastic dynamics of embryonic gradient,
Developmental Dynamics, 238(8): 1923-1935 Levin, M. (2009), Bioelectric mechanisms in regeneration: Unique aspects and
future perspectives. Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology, 20:
543-556 Levin, M., Sundelacruz, S., Levin M., Kaplan, D. L., (2009), Role of membrane
potential in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation,
Stem Cell Reviews, 5(3): 231-46 Blackiston, D. J., K. McLaughlin, and Levin, M., (2009), Bioelectric
controls of cell proliferation: ion channels, membrane voltage, and the cell
cycle, Cell Cycle, 8(21): 3527-3536 Morokuma, J., Blackiston, D., and Levin, M., (2008), KCNQ1 and KCNE1 K+ channel
components are involved in early left-right patterning in Xenopus embryos,
Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry, 21: 357-372 Morokuma, J., Blackiston, D., Adams, D. S., Seebohm, G., Trimmer, B., and Levin, M., (2008),
Modulation of potassium channel confers a hyper-proliferative invasive
phenotype on embryonic stem cells, Proceedings of the
National Academy of Science, 105(43): 16608-16613 Sundelacruz, S., M. Levin, and D. L. Kaplan, (2008), Membrane potential
controls adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells,
PLoS One, 3(11): e3737, 1-15 Oviedo, N. J., Nicolas, C. L., Adams, D. S., and Levin, M., (2008), Live imaging of
planarian membrane potential using DiBAC4(3). Cold Spring Harbor
Protocols, doi:10.1101/pdb.prot5055 Adams, D. S., Masi, A., and Levin, M. (2007), H+ Pump-dependent changes in
membrane voltage are an early mechanism necessary and sufficient to induce Xenopus tail
regeneration. Development, 134: 1323-1335 Aw, S., Adams, D. S., Qiu, D., and Levin, M., (2007), H,K-ATPase protein
Localization and Kir4.1 function reveal concordance of three axes during early
determination of left-right asymmetry, Mechanisms of Development, 125:
353-372 Levin, M., (2007), Large-Scale Biophysics: Ion Flows and Regeneration.
Trends in Cell Biology, 17(6): 261-270 Hibino, T., Ishii, Y., Levin, M., and Nishino, A., (2006), Ion flow regulates
left-right asymmetry in sea urchin development. Development, Genes and
Evolution, 216(5): 265-76 Shimeld, S. M., and Levin, M., (2006), Evidence for the regulation of left-right
asymmetry in Ciona intestinalis by ion flux. Developmental Dynamics,
235(6): 1543-1553 Adams, D. S., Robinson, K.R., Fukumoto, T., Yuan, S., Albertson, R. C., Yelick, P., Kuo, L., McSweeney, M.,
Levin, M., (2006), Early, H+-V-ATPase-dependent proton flux is necessary for consistent left-right
patterning of non-mammalian vertebrates. Development, 133: 1657-1671 Esser, A. T., Smith, K. C., Weaver, J. C., and Levin, M., (2006), Mathematical
Model of Morphogen Electrophoresis through Gap Junctions.
Developmental
Dynamics, 235(8): 2144-2159 Adams, D. S., and Levin, M., (2006), Inverse Drug Screens: a rapid and inexpensive
method for implicating molecular targets. Genesis, 44: 530-540 Adams, D., and Levin, M., (2006), Strategies and techniques for investigation of biophysical signals in patterning, in Analysis of Growth Factor signaling in Embryos, M. Whitman and A. K. Sater eds., pp. 177-264, Methods in Signal Transduction Series, CRC Press M. Levin, (2003), Bioelectromagnetics in morphogenesis.
Bioelectromagnetics, 24(5): 295-315 M. Levin, (2003), Motor protein control of ion flux is an early step in embryonic
Left-Right asymmetry. BioEssays, 25(10): 1002-1010 Levin, Michael, T. Thorlin, K. Robinson, T. Nogi, and M. Mercola, (2002),
Asymmetries in H+/K+-ATPase and cell membrane
potentials comprise a very early step in left-right patterning. Cell, 111: 77-89 J. Rutenberg, S. M. Cheng, and M. Levin, (2002), Early embryonic expression
of ion channels and pumps in chick and Xenopus development.
Developmental Dynamics, 225(4): 469-484 S. M. Cheng, I. Chen, and M. Levin, (2002), Katp channel activity is required
for hatching in Xenopus. Developmental Dynamics, 225(4): 588-591 Levin, Michael, (1999), Endogenous electromagnetic fields and radiations in regeneration, development, and neoplasm, Proceedings of the First World Congress on the Effects of Electricity and Magnetism in the Natural World, Madeira, Portugal Levin, Michael, and Susan G. Ernst, (1997), Applied DC magnetic fields cause
alterations in the time of cell divisions and developmental abnormalities in early sea
urchin embryos. Bioelectromagnetics, 18(3): 255-263 Levin, Michael, and Ernst, Susan G., (1995), Applied AC and DC Magnetic-Fields
Cause Alterations in the Mitotic-Cycle of Early Sea-Urchin Embryos.
Bioelectromagnetics, 16(4): 231-240 Levin, Michael, Current and potential applications of bioelectromagnetics in
medicine, (1993), ISSEEM Journal, 4(1): 77-87 |
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