Courses

Below is a basic list of Asian Studies courses. For more information, please contact Professor Ikumi Kaminishi.

Anthropology

120 Contemporary Chinese Society
A descriptive and analytical survey of Chinese society in traditional, contemporary, and overseas contexts. China serves as a case study in the anthropological analysis of a complex non-Western society. Topics include family and kinship, religion, political and economic systems, and social change. Prerequisite: sophomore standing or consent.

122 Women and Modernity in Asia
Position of women within Asian social systems, as shaped by social structure, economics, and ideology. Examines traditional systems of China, Japan, and Southeast Asia and the impact of widespread literacy and formal education, market penetration, and multinational labor recruitment, and nonindigenous ideologies (Christianity, Islamism, socialism) on women's lives in contemporary Asia. Prerequisite: sophomore standing or consent.

185 Health, Power, and Society in South Asia
Globalization, outsourcing, urban migration, rural development. National politics, religious identities, women's movements, family dynamics. These are some of the elements affecting health and health care in South Asia today. This course will examine health conditions in South Asia, and the forces and factors that give shape to illness, disease, healing, reproduction, and access to care. We approach broad social, cultural and political themes by way of case studies such as the Bhopal disaster, vaccination campaigns, pharmaceutical markets, changes in indigenous medicine, comparative models of schizophrenia, and trauma and its aftermath. In all cases, we will ask how the historical, political, social, and cultural contexts of South Asia are part of the picture of health and healing, living and dying.

Art and Art History

11 Buddhist Art (Cross-listed as Comparative Religion 11)
A survey of the Buddhist art of India, China, and Japan. Painting, sculpture, and architecture in relation to changing liturgical requirements. Changes in form and iconography that occurred when Buddhism encountered indigenous traditions. Offered in alternate years. Kaminishi

10 Japanese Art and the West
Artistic exchange between Japan and the West from the sixteenth century to the present. Focus on Japan's Occidentalism and the West's Japonisme movements; also Japanese nationalists' rebellion against cultural and artistic invasions from the West. Major artists include Hokusai, Degas, Aoki Shigeru, and Van Gogh. (May be taken at 100 level with consent; see below.) Kaminishi

13 The Arts of China
Survey of Chinese painting, sculpture, metalwork, ceramics, and architecture from Neolithic times through the Ch'ing dynasty, with emphasis on major achievements of each epoch. Offered in alternate years. Kaminishi

14 The Arts of Japan (Cross-listed as Comparative Religion 14)
Study of traditional painting, sculpture, architecture, and ceramics from pre-Buddhist times to the Meiji Restoration (1868). Particular focus on national modes of expression developed in response to foreign cultural influences. Offered in alternate years. Kaminishi

15 Japanese Architecture (Cross-listed as Comparative Religion 15)
Historical survey of major developments in Japanese religious and secular architecture and gardens from pre-Buddhist times to the modern age. (May be taken at 100 level with consent; see below.) Kaminishi

105 Japanese Architecture
(See Art History 15 for course description.) Extra assignments and class meetings. Kaminishi

106 Japanese Narrative Painting
The concepts and development of this major genre of Japanese art from the Heian (794-1185) through the Edo (1615-1867) periods. Focus will be on the subjects, methods of representation, narrative devices, and the relationship between text and image. Trips to museum collections. Prerequisite: Art History 14 or consent. Kaminishi

107 The Japanese Landscape Tradition
Major styles and movements in monochrome ink and color. The role of Zen Buddhism in establishing the tradition and changes affected by new patronage groups and foreign influences. Trips to museum collections. Prerequisite: Art History 14 or consent. Kaminishi

110 Japanese Art and the West
(See Art History 10 for course description) Extra assignments and class meetings. Kaminishi

191 Seminar in Asian Art
Kaminishi

Chinese

191, 192 Special Topics
Courses and seminars for advanced students. Members of the program

193, 194 Advanced Directed Study
Guided independent study in Chinese language, literature, and culture. Prior consent of instructor is required. Members of the program

61 Classical Chinese Literature
Survey of representative works from the eleventh century B.C. to the fourteenth century A.D., with emphasis on recurrent themes, generic developments, and their cultural and historical contexts. Readings include The Book of Poetry, Songs of the South, early historical narrative, Han rhyme-prose and folk ballads, Six Dynasties nature poetry and protofiction, Tang-Song poetry, lyrics and short stories, Yuan songs and drama. No prerequisites. (May be taken at the 100 level with consent; see Chinese 161 below.) Staff

62 Modern Chinese Literature
Survey of representative works from the fourteenth century to the present, with emphasis on recurrent themes, generic developments, and their cultural and historical contexts. Readings include Ming short stories, poetry, and drama; Qing novels and lyrics; modern and contemporary fiction, drama, and poetry. No prerequisites. (May be taken at the 100 level with consent; see Chinese 162 below.) Zhong

70 Defining Chinese Culture Today
Modern perspectives on the problem of defining Chinese culture and locating Chinese tradition in a contemporary context. Selected readings in the popular culture, mass media, and literature of pre- and post-1949 China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and the United States, together with scholarship from these and other areas. No prerequisites. (May be taken at the 100 level with consent; see Chinese 170 below.) Zhong

71 Introduction to Religions of China (Cross-listed as Comparative Religion 53)
Historical introduction to texts and contexts of major Chinese religions from Shang Dynasty shamanic practices to debates about religion in contemporary China. Historical and literary approaches to the study of religions in China. Interactions between folk and elite traditions, and alternating syncretism and competition between religions.

75 Chinese Mythology
Introduction to Chinese mythology and its literary traditions. Readings in selected Chinese stories of myth and legend, and studies of their historical context, narrative and poetic traditions, and underlying cultural values and worldviews. Terminology and approaches of Chinese literary studies and comparative mythology will also be introduced. No prerequisites. Taught in English.

76 The Chinese Ghost Story
The forms and uses of the ghost story in classical Chinese cosmographic, philosophical, historiographic, and literary traditions from the third century B.C. to the eighteenth century. Special emphasis on the poetics and politics of the ghost story in classical Chinese moral, political, and literary discourses. No prerequisites. Taught in English.

78 Youth and Culture in Modern China
How "youth" came to be conceptualized in modern China and for what reasons. Reading, watching, and discussing modern Chinese fiction, poetry, essays, film, and scholarly writings. How, as a modern political, social, and cultural category, youth has played a unique role in China's quest for modernization. No prerequisites. Taught in English.

80 Chinese Cinema: 1930s-1980s
Evolution of Chinese film over the last half-century and how cinematic changes reflect social, cultural, and political changes. Cinematic styles and techniques employed by generations of filmmakers and the different subject matter that has preoccupied them. Relationships between Chinese film and politics, culture, Western and traditional Chinese aesthetic values, Hollywood, and the unsolved issues of modernity. No prerequisites. Zhong

81 Cinema of Greater China: Hong Kong, Taiwan, and the PRC
A comparative exploration of films made in Hong Kong, Taiwan, and the PRC in recent decades. Examination of how political, economic, and ideological contexts affect filmmaking in these different "Chinese" regions; how these differences help demonstrate diversities, specificities, contradictions, as well as interactions within and between these Chinese communities. No prerequisites. Zhong

91, 92 Special Topics

101 Foundations of Chinese Thought
Early Chinese intellectual tradition from its beginnings in the second millennium B.C. to the third century B.C. Confucianism, Daoism, Maoism, Legalism, and yin-yang philosophy. Basic orientations of Chinese thought vis-a-vis Western philosophy; relationship between traditional Chinese values and Marxism/communism; the cultural relevance of Chinese thought to the contemporary world. No prerequisites.

111 Cultural Perspectives on Chinese Literature
Major aspects of traditional Chinese culture via texts in poetry, prose, philosophy, fiction, and drama. Confucian, Daoist, and Buddhist world views and ideals of life as expressed in literature; cultural heroes; voices of women and the common people; the literati's quest for cultural identity; reclusion and utopianism; man and nature; attitudes toward love, family, war, time, and death; comparison with Western perspectives. No prerequisites. Staff

112 Women and Modernity in Twentieth-Century Chinese Literature
Discussion from a gendered perspective of issues confronting China and Chinese writers in the twentieth century. Focus on the May Fourth period (1920s-30s) and the post-Cultural Revolution period (1980s). How does modern Chinese history "overdetermine" literary representations of men and women? How do men and women writers respond to social/cultural changes? Anxieties of male writers and the recent debate over "real" men and "real" women. No prerequisites. Zhong

191, 192 Seminars on Special Topics

193, 194 Directed Study

Comparative Religion

43 Asian Religions
A survey of the living religions of Asia from a historical point of view. Special attention is given to historical development, the major tenets of faith, and the distinctive ceremonies. Religions studied include Shintoism, Confucianism, Taoism, Hinduism, and Buddhism.

44 Introduction to Hinduism
In this course, we will be examining various aspects of Hinduism, focusing on aspects of continuity and change. The course will begin with some of the more important texts of the Hindu tradition and we will look at issues relating to ideas of God, Gods, the soul, ritual and caste duties. We will also look at modern Hindu practices in India, the Hindu epic The Ramayana and its impact on religious practices and politics in modern India. Walser

45 Introduction to Buddhism
This course will be a study of the history and doctrine of Buddhism as it has developed in India, Sri Lanka, China, Korea and Japan. We will cover the various theories of the Buddha, meditation, Nirvana, and the Buddhist doctrine of the "Age of Decline." This course will provide a balance between doctrinal, historical, and social approaches to the study of Buddhism. Walser

53 Introduction to the Religions of China (Cross-listed as Chinese 71)
Historical introduction to texts and contexts of major Chinese religions from Shang Dynasty shamanic practices to debates about religion in contemporary China. Historical and literary approaches to the study of religions in China. Interactions between folk and elite traditions, and alternating syncretism and competition between religions.

54 Japanese Religion
A study of Shinto and Japanese Buddhism and their roles in Japanese society and culture, with attention to recent developments, including nationalistic Shinto and the new religions of Japan.

141 Indian Philosophies
This seminar will examine in detail the doctrine and the arguments of the major schools of Indian Philosophy. We will examine the way that these schools attempt to ground their religious doctrine and methods in sound logical argumentation. Specifically we will cover the range of Indian arguments concerning the soul, God, Nirvana, and the path leading to it. To this end, we will cover the Samkhya, Buddhist, Vedanta, Nyaya-Vaisesika and Navya-Nyaya Schools of Indian Philosophy. Walser

144 Tantra
Advanced seminar examining the origins and practices of Asian tantra and its connections to indigenous medical and alchemical theories. Focus on theory and social context of two systems: Saivism and Buddhist Vajrayana. Prerequisite: consent.

Drama and Dance

49 Asian-American Theatre and Film
[This is an Asian-American course. Only one Asian-American course counts toward Asian Studies Major.] Survey of Asian-American film and live performance from the 1970s to the present, with emphasis on their exploration of cultural and racial difference, gender, sexuality, family, generational conflict, ethnicity, and identity. Weekly or bi-weekly film screenings required. No prerequisite. (May be taken at 100 level for graduate credit.) Conceison

68 Twentieth Century Chinese Theatre
Survey of spoken drama as it was imported from the West and adapted to Chinese social, cultural, and political contexts throughout the twentieth-century. Particular attention to representational politics and avant-garde theatre since the 1980s. Conceison

144 Asian Performance
Survey of performance traditions and contemporary forms from East Asia, South Asia, and Southeast Asia (including both text-based and non-textual performance) in the context of theories such as interculturalism, Orientalism, and postcolonialism. No prerequisite. Conceison

History

03GL US Imperialism in Asia
Theories of imperialism. U.S. involvements in Asia and the Pacific from the overthrow of the Hawai'ian monarchy in 1893 to the present. Comparative perspectives of British, Japanese imperialisms. U.S. acquisition of the Philippines and Guam in 1898; suppression of the Philippines Insurgency; U.S.-Japan rivalry to 1945; the Korean and Vietnam Wars; U.S. involvement in the Middle East, Persian Gulf and Afghanistan. The Cold War; geopolitics of oil; the "manufucture of consent" in the mainstream media. Two substantial research papers; no prerequisites. Leupp

42XX Introductory Special Topics: East Asia/South Asia

42GL Religion in Asian History [CR42: Religion in Asian History]
Religion in ancient Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley; among Indo-Iranian peoples. The Vedas; Brahmanistic philosophical speculation; Zoroastrianism and Mithraism in Persia. Origins and development of Judaism. Jainism and Buddhism; diffusion of Buddhism throughout Asia. Christianity and its development in southwest Asia; Christian Gnosticism in Syria; Nestorian Christianity. Chinese religion; Daoism and Confucianism. Buddhism in China, Korea and Japan. Japanese prehistoric religion; Shinto and the ruling family cult. Neo-Confucianism and religious eclecticism. Islam, its diffusion, and interaction with other belief systems in Asia. The Kyoto school of philosophical Zen. Twentieth century Marxist critiques of religion in India, China and Japan. Leupp

43 China to the Opium War
A broad survey of China's political, social, economic, and cultural history to 1943. Ancient worldviews and philosophies, legitimacy and structure of the imperial system, identity and function of the social elite, evolving sense of Chinese identity. Kuo

44 Modern China, 1839 to the Present
A broad survey of China's political, social, and cultural history from the Opium War to the present. China's long struggle for modernization in a global context; the everyday lives of the Chinese people as well as major events; the complexity and diversity of modern China in historical perspective. Kuo

47 Japan to 1868
Prehistoric times to the eve of the Meiji Restoration. Emphasis upon early continental ties; Shinto, Buddhist, and Confucian traditions; Japanese feudalism; struggles for control of land and peasants; the changing composition of the ruling class; incipient capitalism of the Tokugawa period; breakdown of the Tokugawa order. Primary materials used in translation. Leupp

48 Japan from 1868 to the Present
From the eve of the Meiji Restoration to the twentieth century. Topics include the unequal treaties with Western powers, the Meiji Restoration, early industrialization, growth of the imperialist state, fascism, war, defeat, recovery, and recent role as a member of the Western camp. Leupp

51 South Asia, 1000-2000
Society, economy, and politics in South Asia (mainly present-day India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh) from c. 1000 to c. 2000. India's ancient heritage, Indo-Islamic society and culture, the Mughal empire, eighteenth-century regional states, the establishment of British dominion, social and religious reforms, nationalism before and after Gandhi, and partition of India and recent developments. Significant use of audiovisual material. Jalal

53 South Asia in the Twentieth Century
A comparative historical analysis of state structures and political processes in late-colonial and postcolonial South Asia, particularly India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. Themes include the reasons for the partition of 1947, the nature of the colonial legacy, the origins of democracy and military authoritarianism, the history of development, the shifting balance between central and regional power, and the ongoing clash between so-called secular and religiously informed ideologies. Jalal

62XX Introductory Special Topics: Middle East/Central Asia

64 The Mongol Empire
History of the nomad empires of Eurasia, from the development of mounted nomadism to its decline in the seventeenth century. The Mongol Empire founded by Genghis Khan and its many successor states that lasted into the modern period. Political traditions, the relation of nomads to settled peoples, the legacy of the Mongol Empire in both settled and nomad worlds. Manz

132 Religion in Japanese History
(Cross-listed as Religion 136.) Traces development of religious ideas and institutions from prehistory to the present, stressing connections to broad socioeconomic and cultural trends. Topics include Buddhism, Shinto, Confucianism, Christian missions, and new religions. Leupp

133 Japanese History through Literature
Reading and discussion of primary sources with both historical and literary interest, including representative samples of chronicles, courtly diaries, war tales, novels, kabuki dramas. Leupp

134 Tokugawa Japan. Japanese history from 1603 to 1868
Emphasis upon the Tokugawa legacy to modern Japan. Topics include commercial growth, the urban tradition, feudal-bureaucratic rule, philosophical and religious thought, education, gender and sexuality, and peasant rebellions. Prerequisite: History 69 or consent. Leupp

135 Gender and Sexuality in Japanese History
Discussion of ancient matriarchy, marriage customs, the status of women in ancient courtly and medieval military society, female samurai, childhood, initiation rites, monastic and samurai homosexuality, male and female prostitution, ruling-class "deployment" of sexuality, and the appeal of androgyny in theater and other arts. Leupp

139 Nationalism and its Critics in South Asia
South Asian nationalisms in a theoretical and comparative context. This course reassesses the equation between anticolonialism and nationalism as well as the binary opposition between secular nationalism and religious communalism. Jalal

140 Religion, Law, and Misplaced Secularity in South Asia
(Cross-listed as Comparative Religion 140.) The historical relationship between religion and law in the precolonial, colonial, and postcolonial periods. A reconceptualization of the separation of public and private, secular and religious. How Indian self-perceptions of religiously informed identities were shaped by the challenge of colonial modernity, and their influence upon anticolonial nationalism and postcolonial national ideologies. Jalal

141 Decolonization in Asia
Comparative historical study of the processes of decolonization in Asia with particular reference to the end of the British Raj in South Asia. The independence and partition of India will be compared to British withdrawal from Palestine, Iraq, Iran, Burma, and Malaya. Jalal

142 Nationalism and Ethnic Relations in Central Asia
History of inner Asia from the eighteenth century to present. Expansion of Russia and China into Mongolia, Turkestan, and the Caucasus, and the history of minority nationalities in the Russian and Chinese empires. Special attention to the formation of national republics and ethnic relations in the Soviet Union. Manz

182 Seminar in East Asian History

183 Seminar in South Asian History

192 Special Topics in East Asian History

193 Special Topics in South Asian History

Japanese

93, 94 Directed Study
Guided independent study in Japanese language and culture. Prerequisite: consent. Members of the department

191J, 192J Seminar on Special Topics
Intensive reading on selected topics. Conducted entirely in Japanese. Prerequisite: Japanese 124 or equivalent. Hirata, Inouye

61 An Introduction to Japanese Culture
Fundamental principles of Japanese thought and sensibility: animism and communion with the dead, transience, the beauty of sorrow. China as a source of high culture. Focus on the Noh plays and their literary sources. Cross-cultural comparisons. No prerequisites. (May be taken at the 100 level with consent; see Japanese 161 below.) Inouye

62 Modern Japanese Literature
A study of modernity and the meaning of postmodernity. Crucial Japanese texts from 1600 to the Second World War. No prerequisites. (May be taken at the 100 level with consent; see Japanese 162 below.) Inouye

63 Postwar Japanese Literature: Modern to Postmodern
Introduction to representative writers of the postwar period, including Tanizaki, Kawabata, Mishima, Tsushima, and Murakami. Examines the nature of Japanese culture after the War, focusing on such issues as the devastation of the War, the effect of the occupation, the "economic miracle" of reconstruction, and changing work and gender roles. Taught in English. No prerequisites. (May be taken at the 100 level with consent; see Japanese 163 below.) Hirata

80 Japanese Film
Survey of important Japanese films, including internationally renowned works by the "masters," Mizoguchi, Ozu, and Kurosawa; the '60s avant-garde cinema of Oshima and Shinoda; and some innovative works by contemporary filmmakers such as Itami and Morita. Understanding Japanese culture through its cinema and exploring that cinema's relation to Western cultural hegemony. Taught in English. No prerequisites. Hirata

81 The World of Japanese Animation: Culture, Cult, and Commerce
The themes, directors, and imagery of Japanese animation (anime). Analysis of animation as a medium. Discussion of relation between manga and anime and cultural roots of both media. Study of major themes--elegiac, carnival-esque, and apocalyptic. From prewar military propaganda to the contemporary work of Satoshi Kon, Hayao Miyazaki, Mamoru Oshii and Katsuhiro Otomo. The anime industry and the spread of anime worldwide. A consideration of otaku culture. Taught in English. Napier

84 East-West Perspectives of Fascism: Germany and Japan
(Cross-listed as German 84 and World Civilizations 22.) Comparative study of fascism, its history and foundations in social and political developments and ideologies; philosophical and historical concepts through literature, art, myth. The structure of fascism and fascist iconography. Fascist tendencies in modern Japan and Germany. In English. Satisfies the humanities distribution and world civilizations requirement. Innouye, Martin

91, 92 Special Topics
Courses on selected themes and authors. Conducted in English.

110 Major Japanese Writers
A study of major Japanese men and women novelists, their works, and their social contexts. Selection of authors varies year to year, but normally includes Soseki, Enchi Furniko, Mishima, Kawabata, Oe, Yoshimoto Banana, Murakami Haruki. Inouye, Hirata

111 Japanese Poetry
A study of Japanese poetry from its classical forms of waka and haiku to its modern transformations through various Western modernist movements. Encompasses both classical and modern modes. Investigation of changes in the function of poetry through history. The reciprocal relationship between Western and Japanese poetics. Hirata

112 Major Japanese Film Directors
An in-depth study of one or two important Japanese film directors, such as Kurosawa, Ozu, and Oshima. Enrollment limited to 15. Prerequisite: Japanese 80 or consent. Hirata

113 Japanese Visual Culture
Examination of the roots of manga (comic books) and anime (animation) through a study of the Japanese narrative tradition and its close ties to the visual arts. Emphasis on illustrated gesuku (frivolous letters) texts, the theater, and the woodblock prints of the Edo and Meiji periods. Comparison with the manga of Osamu Tezuku, and with the anime of Miyazaki Hayao. Inouye

114 Gender in Japanese Culture
The role of femininity and masculinity in Japanese culture, from the writings of Muraskai Shikibu, creator of "The Tale of Genji" to the heroines of contemporary Japanese animation (anime). Our sources will include , literature, film, essays, television series, manga (comics) and anime. The role of women as a repository of tradition, the use of women in contemporary horror films, the rise and fall of the iconic salaryman, the crisis in contemporary masculinity, and issues in queer sexuality. Taught in English. Napier

116 The Writings of Natsume Soseki
The essays and novels of the brilliant yet tortured Natsume Soseki , one of modern Japan's most important writers. A consideration of his turbulent times and of his major themes--woman as oasis, modern masculinity, redemption, the omnipresent allure of death. An assessment of his role in the formation of the modern Japanese literary canon. Taught in English. Napier

161 An Introduction to Japanese Culture
(See Japanese 61 for course description.) Additional readings in the original Japanese; extra class meetings. Inouye

162 Modern Japanese Literature
(See Japanese 62 for course description.) Additional readings in the original Japanese; extra class meetings. Inouye, Hirata

163 Postwar Japanese Literature: Modern to Postmodern
(See Japanese 63 for course description.) Additional readings in the original Japanese; extra class meetings. Hirata

170 The “Orient” in the Mind of the West
Two centuries of the role of Asia in the Western mind. Edward' Said's "Orientalism" and its subsequent critiques. The "Orient" vis a vis the West in global power relations. Rudyard Kipling's "Kim", Puccinis's "Madama Butterfly" and tropes of Asia. How these stereotypes have played out in both high and popular Western culture. Student research papers and class presentations on the interflow of images between the civilizations of the West and those of China, India, and Japan. Napier

191E, 192E Seminar on Special Topics
Special seminar on selected topics in Japanese literature and culture. Enrollment limited to 15. Members of the department

193, 194 Advanced Directed Study
Guided independent study of Japanese language and culture. Prerequisite: consent.

Music

27 The Music of Asia
Musical systems, musical instruments, music in its historical, social, and cultural context. Topics from the musical traditions of diverse Asian cultures. No prerequisite. (May be taken at the 100 level with consent, see below.) Hahn

29 Japanese Performing Traditions
The music of selected Japanese performing arts, such as noh, kabuki, and nihonbuyo, considered in light of Japanese traditional and contemporary culture. Focus on the musical repertoires of these inherently multi-arts genres. Secondary topics in aesthetics, religious ethos, gender, media, kinesthesia. Learning modes include performance study, meditation, lecture, discussion, and reading. Prerequisite: Music 2 or 27 or 41 or consent. (May be taken at the 100 level with consent, see below.) Hahn

72 Tufts Javanese Gamelan Ensemble
Traditional repertory of Javanese court music played on an orchestra of gongs, chimes, and xylophones; use of authentic instruments; no prior music performance experience required. One-half course credit. Drummond

127 The Music of Asia
(See Music 27 for course description.) Extra assignments and class meetings.

129 Japanese Performance Traditions
(See Music 29 for course description.) Extra assignments and class meetings.

Political Science

120 Seminar: Power and Politics in China
Advanced seminar on sources of political power and resistance in post-Mao Chinese politics. Debates in recent research over state strength, origins of political reform, development of civil society, prospects for democratization, corruption, censorship, religion, and protest. Prerequisite: PS 126 or HIST 44, or consent. Remick

126 Chinese Politics
Survey of the domestic politics of the People's Republic of China. The development of Communist Party power through the political campaigns of the 1950s and 1960s. The political, cultural, economic, and social challenges faced by post-Mao reformers. Brief consideration of foreign policy. Remick

128 Gender, Work, and Politics in East Asia
Gendered experiences of work in the East Asian economic "miracle." The state's role in creating, challenging, or mitigating gender considerations in work, the centrality of women's labor in development, and women's work as an international relations issue. Readings on factory, office, domestic, and sex work. Sophomore standing. Remick

131: Democracy and Capitalism in Japan (formerly PS 138J) Survey of the world's second largest economy and postwar Asia‚s most stable democracy. Investigates whether Japan's democracy is fundamentally different from the one practiced in the West; whether Japan's capitalism offers an alternative model that is more efficient and equitable; and whether Japan should adopt more assertive foreign policy in the post-Cold War world. Fujihira

137 Seminar: State Building in Europe and Asia
Inquiry into the origins of the national state in Western Europe and Asia. Theories of the development of national states and nationalism out of feudalism in early modern Europe and their triumph over other state forms. Examination of how this state model developed in Asia. Prerequisite: junior status. Remick

The following courses, with at least one-quarter Asian content, may be taken for Asian Studies credit provided the student focuses upon some Asian Society in required coursework. For example, if a research paper is required, the student must choose an Asia-related topic.

Anthropology 132 Myth, Ritual, and Symbol
(Cross-listed as Religion 134.) Various approaches to myth, ritual, and symbol including functionalist, structuralist, and psychological. Topics include dreams, landscape shamanism, and fairy tales, along with issues of performance, representation, authenticity, and history. Prerequisite: Anthropology 10. Guss

Anthropology 145 Power, Politics, and Protest
Anthropological perspective on power and authority, and on the economic and social bases of politics. Varieties of political forms, from societies without a formal political sphere to state systems. The colonial encounter. Nationalism in a multiethnic context. Local politics and protest in the context of overarching power systems, both national and global. Prerequisite: Anthropology 10 or consent. Park

Economics 136 Topics in Economic Development
Selected major current problems in various less-developed countries. Students will be asked to utilize and extend the theoretical insights from Economics 35 by applying them in specific cases. Topics will include problems in energy, agriculture, balance of payments, and industrialization. Elements of benefit-cost analysis will also be covered. Prerequisites: Economics 11 and 35. Economics 13 suggested. Members of the department

Music 41 Music as Culture
An introduction to ethnomusicology, the study of music in human life. The anthropological view of music as a response to the natural environment and social experience. Comparative method using case studies from diverse world traditions. Summit, Locke, Hahn

Music 194 Seminar: Ethnomusicology
History, method, and theory of ethnomusicology; transcription/analysis, fieldwork, current trends in the field. Prerequisite: graduate standing or consent. Hahn, Locke

In addition, the program may also extend Asian Studies Program credit to certain other courses, including those taught on a temporary basis, e.g. in the Experimental college.

Staff taught courses, the Asian content of which varies from semester to semester might also be recognized by the program upon the decision of its faculty. Relevant courses offered by the Fletcher School of International Law and Diplomacy may also be open to some seniors.

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